It seems that eventually my life was lived as though I was trying to absolve Lumumba’s suffering and death, taking on his martyrdom as though it were mine. It sounds grandiose but I felt the opposite. I couldn’t make excuses for the indifference, even contempt, my stepfather had for him.
I brought this subject up to my Black Social Worker. He said “Lumumba was their shining hope.”
Lumumba had hoped diplomatic pressure would make the Blue Berets take action against the secessionists in Katanga. Ian alone was responsible for this not to be done. He held them completely at bay while he conferred with the puppet Tshombe, who even pointed out to him Lumumba’s pitiful state. He even undermined the Security Council’s resolution to drive the Belgian troops out of Katanga. Lumumba remained idealist to the end.
“Berendsen did not speak to Tshombe until 18 January when, according to a UN report, he met the president “to discuss something else… but took the opportunity to discuss the news, now public, of the transfer of M. Lumumba and his two fellow prisoners to Katanga”. The UN reaction was, therefore, no different from that of Belgian officials in Katanga: they turned a blind eye while Lumumba, Mpolo and Okito were tortured and assassinated.”
“So Berendsen did not demand that Lumumba be handed over to the UN, although maintaining law and order was the specific purpose of the UN presence in the Congo.
Had not Lumumba, as the Congo’s legally elected prime minister with parliamentary immunity, the same right to protection as Minister Bomboko, for instance, who on Hammarskjold’s request was escorted by the Blue Berets to Kasa Vubu’s residence in September 1960? But the New Zealander simply suggested handing Lumumba over to none other than Mobutu’s illegal regime, presumably spare “a lot of trouble”.”
“There was an agreement around January 14, that Lumumba be handed over to Tshombe. Ian actively prevented that even though Tshombe pointed out the extreme mistreatment of Lumumba. Moreover, the assistant Lindgren with the Blue Berets at the airport cautioned Ian about the pitiful state Lumumba was in and that it was an emergency.
On 26 August, Hammarskjold’s assistant, the American Andrew Cordier, left for Leopoldville where he was to replace Bunche as head of the UN in the Congo. Cordier was part of the Congo Club, a group of senior officials intent on making sure that the International Organization safeguarded Western interests in the Congo. Cordier privately confessed that “Nkrumah is the Mussolini of Africa while Lumumba is its little Hitler. Kasa Vubu received protection and the UN closed the radio station and the airports to promote “Law and Order”.
On 6 September, the UN denied Lumumba protection when he was on the run from Mobutu.
On 9 October, Lumumba went out and about for the last time. He held several meetings attended by enthusiastic crowds. The following day, Mobutu ordered his troops to surround Lumumba’s house. He is a virtual prisoner in his house without a phone. They called it protection.
Katanga is where the cobalt, copper, tin, uranium and zinc mines were. The Congo was fourth in the table of of the world’s copper-producing countries. Katanga’s copper wealth was what was at stake in the Congo crisis forming Belgian policy in July 1960. Katanga’s secession was a blessing. 1.25 billion Belgian francs went into Tshombe’s bank account instead of Lumumba’s government.
On 17 October the UN made an agreement with Elizabethville to establish “neutral zones” in north Katanga within which only the Blue Berets would operate. A proposal to this effect was made by Ian, but Tshombe rejected it over questions of sovereignty of Katanga over part of his territory.”
“How can a beret colored blue erase, just like that, the prejudices of conservative officers from Sweden, Canada or Britain? How does a blue armband vaccinate against the racism and paternalism of people whose only vision of Africa is lion hunting, slave markets and colonial conquest; people for whom the history of civilisation is built on the possession of colonies? Naturally they would understand the Belgians. They have the same past, the same history, the same lust for our wealth.”*
*These quotes are from The Assassination of Lumumba by Ludo De Witte.
September 1960 was when I first started attending college. It was “100 Great Books” at St. Johns. Ian was my only supporter in the family. When he came to give a talk there I did not attend but I was told he was dogmatic. He also spoke to the Dean about my grades and my future there. It was not really good and I soon dropped out.
I had gone to the wrong boarding school. I wanted to go to another. The girls teased me mercilessly. I was so angry at my Mother for not socializing me and not letting me go to the school of my choice, that I made scenes. As usual I did not explain things. she exacted her revenge, banding with the head mistress. She had given me a beautiful borrowed dress that I couldn’t bring myself to wear. Actually it was because I was a budding Lesbian. Well, I sabotaged my graduation by staying out after dark with a boy who was Gay.
I think it was our secret. I wasn’t caught with him though, too smart for that. I didn’t know that summer my Mother had arranged for me was maybe the biggest mental torture. My life was soon ruined and I eventually became ill. I am Bipolar and Schizophrenic like my Grandmother. I only had two friends. The ceramics teacher and the Math teacher. They loved me so much. They were to form the rest of my life. Of course they were too sensitive and unassuming.
In 1961 at the age of 19, I was in the long term facility, I wanted to kill myself, but I didn’t let on. I was jealous of this other patient, who almost succeeded. I thought she was courageous. As soon as she got her liberty, she bought sleeping pills, took the whole bottle and dropped to the carpet on the living room floor. She had scars on her neck and wrists. I was in awe.
Nobody knew the truth about the UN’s role in Lumumba’s death.
Ian alone could have changed the course of events. He chose not to interfere. Not saving Lumumba was an imperialist act. He was true to his imperialist roots which was his legacy, the League of Nations. I dare say that behind the scenes, he formed the UN’s policy until he retired at the age of 55. He was editor in chief and head of the credit union. He undermined resolution 143 which was to withdraw all Belgian troops and place the UN troops on behalf of Lumumba. That never happened because of him. Lumumba was killed on January 17th, 1961. Dag Hammarsķjold was killed also in 1961. U Thant became secretary general after that lasting until 1971, about when Ian retired. In 1962 Kofi Annan came to work for the UN in various capacities. Too late for Lumumba. He would be secretary general from 1997 to 2006. He said “The UN should stand for what unites us rather than what divides us.”